Attracting Cockroaches with Different Substances Free Essays

Reason: The reason I did this project was because I am absolutely fascinated by cockroaches. I think they are really interesting. It also makes me happy that I’m the only person I know of who is not scared of cockroaches. We will write a custom essay sample on Attracting Cockroaches with Different Substances or any similar topic only for you Order Now We have cockroaches that will come into our house to escape from the cold outside, so I thought, why not get rid of some of them? But I had to know what kind of bait to put out for them in order to accomplish this. So that is how I came up with this. Hypothesis: If the peanut butter, the butter, the cheese, and the bread are tested, then the butter will attract the most cockroaches. If the peanut butter, the butter, the cheese, and the bread are tested, then the bread will attract the least amount of cockroaches. Experiment What I did: Well, first I put four 4 by 10 sticky traps on our counter. Then, I got out some butter, some peanut butter, some bread, and some cheese out. After that, I got a tablespoon and scooped the substances out. I put the tablespoon of each substance on its own sticky trap. The butter on one, the peanut butter on another, and so on and so forth. Then I turned off the light and went to bed. When I got up, I got my data book out and went out to our counters. When I turned on the light, I counted how many cockroaches were on each sticky trap and I recorded my results. I tested this out ten times, and each time I recorded my results. Discussion Comparing: It was very interesting because according to my research, cockroaches like moist substances that they can easily pick up. But instead of going for the moist substances I put out, they went for the dry ones! Another thing I didn’t look at before was the temperature. The temperature really affected my results. According to my research, cockroaches can be seen the most inside houses when it is cold outside. And my results proved that it was true. When I did my project, it showed that as the temperature got colder, more and more cockroaches got stuck on the sticky trap. Uncontrolled Events: I think one uncontrolled event was the temperature. The temperature fell while I was doing my project. Usually, cockroaches will come indoors to escape from the cold outdoors. More cockroaches came in when the temperature dropped. Another thing I couldn’t control would be the exact place I put the sticky traps. I mean, I did put them on the counter, but I couldn’t put them all in the exact same place. What if a cockroach was just making his way across the counters when he got stuck on the sticky trap? What I would have done differently: If I had to do my project again, I would add in the temperatures of the night as well, because it really does affect my results. Either that, or I would make sure the temperature was pretty much the same each night. If it wasn’t around the temperature that I wanted, I would wait for the next night. I would also have added more bait to test because four traps really isn’t that much. Other Experiments that can be done: Some other experiments that can be done would be like, how the temperature effects on how active the cockroaches are, or what traps trap cockroaches best. You could also see if cockroaches are more active at night or in the daytime. According to my research though, cockroaches like to come out at night, while it’s still dark out, because to them, light means that somebody is there and can hurt them. But when it’s dark out, that’s the signal that everybody is asleep. One last test somebody could do, would be how long a cockroach could survive without food or water. Would it be affected if they had been fed a lot before the experiment started? What if they had only been fed a little bit before the experiment started? Conclusion Results: My results showed that the roaches went for the bread and cheese more than the butter and peanut butter, so my hypothesis was wrong. Each night, hardly any cockroaches went for the butter and peanut butter. They would mostly all go to the bread and cheese. How to cite Attracting Cockroaches with Different Substances, Essay examples

Johannes Kepler Essay Example For Students

Johannes Kepler Essay Johannes Kepler was born on December 27, 1571 in Weil der Stadt, Germany. Keplers grandfather was supposedly from a noble background, and once Mayor of Weil. However, Keplers father became a mercenary who narrowly avoided the gallows. Keplers mother, Katherine, was raised by an aunt who was eventually burned as a witch. In later years, Katherine herself was accused of Devil worship, and barely escaped from being burned at the stake. Kepler had six brothers and sisters, three of which, died in infancy. In his youth, Johannes was described as: ckly child, with thin limbs and a large, pasty face surrounded by dark curly hair. He was born with defective eyesight-myopia plus anocular polyopy (multiple vision). His stomach and gall bladder gave constant trouble; he suffered from boils, rashes, and possibly from piles, for he tells us that he could never sit still for any length of time (Koestler, p 24)From this inauspicious start, Johannes Kepler began his fascinating journey as a pioneer in astronomy. Johannes Kepler graduated from the Faculty of Arts at the University of Tuebingen at the age of twenty, intending to matriculate into the Theological Faculty. It was here that Kepler learned and became an adherent of the heliocentric theory of planetary motion, first developed by the Dutch astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. In 1594, Kepler left Tuebingen for the University of Graz to become a professor of astronomy. It was here that Kepler realized that figures of the type shown here determine a definite fixed ratio between the sizes of the two circles, provided the triangle has all sides equal, and a different ratio of sizes will occur for a square between the two circles, another for a regular pentagon, and so on. Kepler believed that this could be used to determine the orbits of planets in the solar system. Unfortunately, Kepler proceeded from a false assumption: namely, that the orbits of the planet were circular. Despite the fact that his calculations did not match known planetary data, Kepler presumed that Copernicuss data was in error, and produced this diagram of orbits, where the outer ring represents the orbit of Saturn. Kepler stayed at the University of Graz until 1600, when he was pressured to leave due to his Lutheran faith. Kepler traveled to the observatory of the famed Danish Astronomer and Imperial Mathematician Tycho Brahe, where he became Brahes assistant. By all accounts, the relationship between the two was strained. We have previously discussed Keplers upbringing. In contrast, Brahe was from an aristocratic background who shared Keplers less than scintillating personality. As a result, the two continuously quarreled, and usually failed to resolve their academic and personal differences. However, the two realized that they needed each other. As a result, both learned from each others writings. Brahe died in 1601, and Kepler assumed his post as imperial mathematicus. In addition, Rudolph II requested his service as court astronomer, which Kepler preformed until Rudolphs death in 1612, During his tenure as court astronomer, Johannes Kepler labored over one of his most impressive works: Astronomia Nova. His primary motivation was to attempt to calculate the orbit of Mars. One offshot of this work was the formulation of the concepts that were eventually known as the first two of Kepler’s Laws. In 1612, Kepler became provincial mathematician to Linz, in upper Austria. Over the next fourteen years, Kepler published Harmonice Mundi, in which Kepler outlined his third law. Furthermore, he published the Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae, which combined all of his discoveries together. However, Keplers personal life was far less successful. His first wife, Barbara, and their two sons died from the fever and small pox in 1612. In 1615, Kepler was excommunicated from the church, and his mother was placed on trial for being a witch.. .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 , .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .postImageUrl , .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 , .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3:hover , .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3:visited , .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3:active { border:0!important; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3:active , .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3 .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc291158228f3db04e9f9bcf6250804c3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: ATM Lines EssayDespite these tribulations, Kepler completed the Tabulae Rudolfinae in 1625. These tables reduced the mean errors in tables of planetary motion significantly. However, political unrest led in the destruction of his home during a peasant revolt, leaving Kepler without a permanent residence. Johannes Kepler was named the private mathematicus in the newly acquired Duchy of Sagan in 1628. Unfortunately, neither this position nor his previous one was a lucrative profession due to the Thirty Years War. As such, Kepler was left having to borrow money to travel to collect an old debt leaving his second wife and children behind, penniless. Sadly, he died en route on November 15, 1630 in the village of Ratisbon. Kepler, to this day, remains one of the greatest figures in astronomy. However, his endeavors were not just limited to this field. He is often called the founder of modern optics for his first use of eyeglasses designed for nearsightedness and farsightedness, his explanations of vision by refraction within the eyes, and his explanation of the use of both eyes for depth perception. Furthermore, he explained the principles of the telescope. His book Stereometrica Doliorum formed the basis of integral calculus. First to explain that the tides are caused by the Moon (Galileo rebuked him for this). First to use stellar parallax caused by the Earths orbit to try to measure the distance to the stars; the same principle as depth perception. First to suggest that the Sun rotates about its axis in Astronomia Nova First to derive the birth year of Christ, that is now universally accepted.

Microcredit Repayment in Malaysia free essay sample

To investigate whether gender of borrower influence microcredit repayment. Hypothesis 1 Ho: Gender of borrower does not influenced microcredit repayment. H1: Gender of borrower does influence microcredit repayment. 2. To investigate whether types of business activities influence microcredit repayment. Hypothesis 2 Ho: Types of business activities does not influenced microcredit repayment. H1: Types of business activities does influence microcredit repayment. 3. To investigate whether amount of loan influence microcredit repayment. Hypothesis 3 Ho: Amount of loan does not influenced microcredit repayment. H1: Amount of loan does influence microcredit repayment. 4. To investigate whether repayment period influence microcredit repayment. Hypothesis 4 Ho: Repayment period does not influenced microcredit repayment. H1: Repayment period does influenced microcredit repayment. This chapter is discussing about the research design, data collection method, research instrument, questionnaire design and sampling frame to meet the objectives of the study. In this study, descriptive research will be conduct to obtain the information needed. It will involve acquiring primary data, preparing questionnaires and sampling method as well as deciding on how the variables will be measure and being analyse. We will write a custom essay sample on Microcredit Repayment in Malaysia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This study will be conducted among the teachers at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Tengku Ampuan Jemaah, Port Klang, Selangor. 3. 0Data Collection Method There are two ways in gathering data for the study. First is the primary data which is specially collected by the researcher and second is the secondary data or any information gathered from resources collected and published by others. . 0. 1Primary Data Primary data refer to information obtained first-hand by the researcher on the variables of interest for the specific purpose of the study (Sekaran, 2010). Obtaining primary data can be expensive and time consuming as it requires researchers to observe and conduct an experiment on something to gather information about specific problems. It will take time in collecting data. (a)Questionnaire A set of questionnaire has been designed to obtain a quantitative primary data for this research. The purpose is to gauge the relevant information to achieve the research objectives besides to determining and evaluate the level of microcredit repayment among employees. The primary data will be collected from questionnaire that will distribute to the teachers at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Tengku Ampuan Jemaah, Port Klang,Selangor. (b)Journal Researcher will also use journal as the primary data for data collection method in order to elicit the information regarding for the research. 3. 0. 2Secondary Data Secondary data that will be collected can be use and these data can be located quickly and cheaper in terms of cost. Secondary data could be collected through internal and external sources. Internal data are those generated within the organization while external sources of data in other hands are generated by sources outside the organization. For the purpose of this study, the researcher will obtain the external sources from books, library references, articles, website and others. These are some of useful information that will serves as the groundwork for theoretical framework and literature review. . Research Instrument Regarding Malhotra (2004), defined that questionnaire is a structured techniques for data collection consisting of a series of questions, written or verbal that respondent answers. In addition, it is called a schedule, written form, measuring instrument, or formalized set of questionnaires for obtaining information from respondents. The standardized questionnaire will ensure comparability of the data, increase speed and accuracy of recording, and facilitating data processing. It needs to capture primary data is questionnaire. Questionnaire is a formalized instrument for asking information, directly from the respondent. It is designed to facilitate data gathering, which is directly related to the study. Questionnaires will be distributed directly to the respondents for them to answer. The questionnaires for this research consist of two sections. The first section will consist of questions related to profile of the respondents and the second section will consist of question regarding of loans. The format used for the questionnaire will be structured in rating scale which is liker scale and multiple choices. The liker scale is (1) = strong disagree, (2) = disagree, (3) = average, (4) = agree and (5) = strongly agree are used. The questionnaires will be distributed randomly to the teachers at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Tengku Ampuan Jemaah, Jalan Pandamaran, Port Klang, Selangor. 5. 0Questionnaire Design In this research, in order to get information from respondents, the researcher will choose the structured questions. 5. 0. 1Structured Questions Structured question specify the set of response alternative and the response format that could be multiple choices and scale. The structured question was the most frequently used in the marketing research. i)Multiple Choices The researcher provides choices of answers and respondents will be asked to select one or more of the alternatives given that mostly closely match their own response. For this study, the researcher will use this kind of question for respondent profile at section A. ii)Scale For this study, the Liker Scale questionnaire will be use widely where requires the respondents indicate strongly disagree or strongly agree with each of series of statement about the Microcredit Repayment. What is the level of microcredit repayment among employees? 2. Does gender of borrower will influence microcredit repayment? 3. Does a type of business activities will influence microcredit repayment? 4. Does amount of loan will influence microcredit repayment? 5. Does repayment period will influence microcredit repayment? 7. 0Sampling 7. 0. 1Sampling Design Based on Malhotra (2004), a sample is a subgroup of the population selected for participant in the study. Population is aggregate of all the elements that share some common set of characteristics and that comprise the universe for the purpose of the marketing research problem. According to the Zikmund (2003), the simple size can be 30 units and more, whereas Sekaran (2003) has mentioned between 30 units to 500 units, so only 100 respondents were selected and accepted for this study. The sampling design process includes five steps that are sequentially in the figure 2. 0 below. Figure 2. 0: The sampling design process 1)Defining target Population The first step of the sampling design will be specifying the target population. The target population means the collection of elements or subjects that possess the information sought by researcher and about which inference are to be made (Malhotra, 2004). According to Sekaran, (2003), population refers to the entire group of people, events, or things of interest that the researcher wishes to investigate. For the purpose of this study, the population will consist of employees at Sekolah Menegah Kebangsaan Tengku Ampuan Jemaah, Jalan Pandamaran, Pelabuhan Klang, Selangor 2)Determining sampling Frame A sampling frame is a representation of the elements of the target population that consist of a list or set of direction for identifying the target population. However, as for the sampling frame, this study has narrow down the elements of the target population to those employees within a few divisions or units at Sekolah Menegah Kebangsaan Tengku Ampuan Jemaah, Jalan Pandamaran, Pelabuhan Klang, Selangor. The rationale is because the researcher will be only target to collect 50 respondents for this study. 3)Determine the Sample Size Sample size refers to the number of elements to be included in the study. Regarding to this study, the sampling size were decided around 50 respondents only due to the time and money constraints. The targeted respondents will comprise the employees of divisions and units at Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri Selangor. 4)Execute the Sampling Process In execute the sampling process, once the target population, sampling frame, sampling technique and sampling size has been determined, allocation of the sample will be quite easy to execute.

Education in Animal Farm Essays

Education in Animal Farm Essays Education in Animal Farm Essay Education in Animal Farm Essay Essay Topic: Animal Farm Animal Farm by George Orwell shows how taking responsibility for one’s education helps to maintain freedom throughout the society. Animal Farm was written during the greatest rivalries the world has ever known. The book shows how abuse of power leads to inequality within the citizens. In the novel there is lots of tyranny, because of the failure to actually get education. Some of the animals feel that taking responsibility for one’s education helps maintain freedom. In life it is important we are educated in order for us to know our rights and etc. The animals were unfortunately uneducated and could not read. After Old Major had died, the pigs, who were the most educated in the farm, took leadership over the farm. â€Å"They explained that by their studies of the past three months the pigs had succeeded in reducing the principles of animalism to Seven Commandments. These Seven Commandments will now be inscribed on the wall; they would form an unalterable law by which all the animals on Animal Farm must live for ever after† ( Orwell 24). The pigs stood up to the plate and took over the farm. They had studied books for about three months and decided to use that to write the Seven Commandments that all the animals must follow. Most of the animals were the total opposite of the pigs. The pigs had to simplify the commandments because the animals’ ability to read was very poor. It is important to understand if you are being manipulated or used in life. The animals did not notice this because they were not as smart. That gave the pigs the motive to control and use all of them. Squealer states to the animals â€Å"I hope that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples. I dislike them myself our sole object in taking things is to preserve our health. Milk and apples (this has been proved by science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. We

How to Refer to Monetary Amounts

How to Refer to Monetary Amounts How to Refer to Monetary Amounts How to Refer to Monetary Amounts By Mark Nichol How should references to amounts of money be styled? The key to answering that question is context. Casual, isolated references, as well as approximations, are generally spelled out, as in the examples below: â€Å"I’m just putting in my two cents’ worth.† â€Å"Remember when a candy bar cost twenty-five cents?† â€Å"I have only five dollars in my wallet.† â€Å"She loaned him a thousand dollars.† â€Å"I wouldn’t trade it for a million dollars.† However, in financial contexts- those involving anything from numerous references to salaries of specific athletes in a book about professional sports to pervasive citations in a book about business or economics, use the dollar sign and numerals: â€Å"He was the first professional football player to earn an annual salary of more than $1 million.† Note that for round figures, using a pertinent figure followed by a term for an order of magnitude (such as million) is preferable to numeric notation ($1,000,000), unless the figure is precise, as in â€Å"The charitable event raised $1,567,893.† Generally, however, such precision is unnecessary, and an amount can be expressed with rounded-up approximation: â€Å"The charitable event raised $1.6 million.† (A casual reference can read â€Å"1.6 million dollars.†) In some financial contexts, K is used as a symbol for thousands, as in $125K in place of $125,000. Dollar amounts are always spelled out when they begin a sentence, so if an amount is more or less precise, to avoid a cumbersome expression such as â€Å"One hundred twenty-five thousand dollars is the starting salary,† recast the sentence so that the sentence doesn’t begin with the figure: â€Å"The starting salary is $125,000.† (Beginning a sentence with the spelled-out version is acceptable for an isolated reference in a nonfinancial context but should be avoided when using dollar figures in abundance.) Note that hyphens are employed when a spelled-out number is part of a phrasal adjective (â€Å"The five-million-dollar budget wasn’t enough for their ambitious plans†) but not with the dollar sign and numerals (â€Å"The $5 million budget wasn’t enough for their ambitious plans†). In international contexts, the US dollar or an equivalent amount in another currency is usually indicated as shown in this example: â€Å"The US$6.5 billion aid package was part of the deal.† The cent sign is rarely employed, except in cases such as indication of a printed cost, as on a price tag, in which case â€Å"seventy-nine cents,† for example, would be expressed â€Å"79 ¢.† In financial contexts, however, use a numeral and the word cents, as in the phrase â€Å"79 cents on the dollar.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S35 Genres and Other Varieties of FictionConversational Email

Summary of Recent Research 7 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary of Recent Research 7 - Assignment Example The data available for the study consisted of the clone types, and the different months during which the measurements were taken. The signed rank test was settled for since the distribution of the data sets could not be established using the normal parametric tests. The researchers avoided making assumptions on the data since they could not establish its distribution. The difference in metal (aluminum) content in the wood was found to be significantly different from zero. The median change from August to November (3.1 micrograms Al/g wood) is significantly different from zero (W=16, P=0.040) (McDonald 2009). By the difference in content being significant, it implies that there was significant variation in concentration between the times of the year when the two measurements were taken. Han, X. et al. (2011). Metabolomics in Early Alzheimer’s Disease: Identification of Altered Plasma Sphingolipidome Using Shotgun Lipidomics. Lipidomics in Alzheimer’s Disease. Vol 6. Issue 7. p. 7. Nishiumi, S. et al. (2012). A Novel Serum Metabolomics-Based Diagnostic Approach for Colorectal Cancer. Metabolomics for Colorectal Cancer. Vol. 7, issue 7. p. 4. Plichta, S. B., Kelvin, E. Munros Statistical Methods for Health Care Research. Statistical Methods for Health Care Research. (6th edition). (2012). Smith, G. L. et al. (2012). Association Between Treatment With Brachytherapy vs Whole-Breast Irradiation and Subsequent Mastectomy, Complications, and Survival Among Older Women With Invasive Breast Cancer. The Journal of the American Medical Association. par 17.

Molecular Identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Molecular Identity - Essay Example The paper, instead, expounds upon the seven cation-coupled chloride cotransporters that have been described to date with specific emphasis placed on KCC2. The cotransporter KCC2 is evident in neuronal processes with specific preference for inhibitory ones where ergic action is relevant. KCC2 action precedes the ergic one as the KCC2 action brings down the intracellular chloride concentration to optimum levels to make it possible for ergic action. The phylogenetic, molecular and structural-functional details of the cotransporters have also been provided with special emphasis on KCC2. The CAD cell line, new in studies like this, has been introduced. The cell line exhibits catecholaminergic voltage dependent currents across membranes. Specific experimentation details have not been provided. A 5708 nucleotide region of the SLC12A5 gene that encodes the KCC2 cotransporter protein was probed with two 20 bp bits, left and right primer details in Appendix, with RT-PCR analysis. The resulting 206-nucleotide insert was perfectly amplified with one complement in the RT-PCR at temperatures varying from C - C. mRNA isolated from undifferentiated and differentiated murine CAD cells were used for the analysis. Electrophoresis of the RT-PCR products through 1.5% agarose gel revealed that most of the inserts had been perfectly complemented once during the RT-PCR producing evidence that the SLC12A5 gene is present in both murine differentiated and undifferentiated CAD cells and that these cells can, thus, later be used as culture media for further study of the KCC2 cotransporter expression and molecular identity. This is of great importance to such study as a suitable cell line has been hard to find so far and the easy manner in which the gene revealed itself in this study assures that this cell line can be a very convenient medium of further such studies Contents: 1. Introduction 8-9 1.1 CAD Cells 9-10 1.2 The Cotransporters (KCC1, 2, 3 & 4) 10-11 1.3 The Electroneutral Cotransporters 11-12 1.4 Cotransporters KCC1 11-15 1.4.1 Genetic Details 1.4.2 Structure 1.4.3 Function and Location 1.5 Cotransporter KCC3 15-16 1.5.1 Genetic Details 1.5.2 Location 1.6 Cotransporter KCC4 16-17 1.6.1 Molecular Genetics with Structural Identity 1.6.2 Function and Location 1.7 Cotransporters: General Features 17 1.8 Cotransporter KCC2 17-24 1.8.1 Phylogenetics 1.8.2 Structural and Locational Implications 1.8.3 Structural and Locational Implications 1.8.4 Specific Neuronal Location 1.8.5 Regulatory Action 1.8.6 Neuron-Specificity 1.8.7 Post- and PreNatal Concentration 1.8.8 Immunohistochemical Analysis 2. Methodology 2.1 RNA Isolation Technique 24 2.2 RNA Isolation Protocol 24-27 2.3 Estimation of RNA Yield 27-29 2.3.1 Vol. Isolated RNA in Differentiated Cells 2.3.2 Vol. Isolated RNA in Undifferentiated Cells 2.4 Primer Design 29 2.5 The PCR Analysis 29-30 2.6 Gel Electrophoresis Technique 30-31 3. Results 31-41 4. Discussion 42-43 5. Conclusion 43-44 References Bibliography List of Abbreviations:- Chloride anion - GABA A type - GABA S type - Potassium cation - Sodium